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R. JENSEN, DECD.

A. M. maszu. ADMINISTRATRIX.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.30| 1916.

1;333,9@i?w I Patented Mar. 16, 1920.

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A. M. JENSEN, ADMINISTRATRIX.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.30, 19m.

Patented M516, 1920.

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RASMUS JENSEN, 0F LOSANGELES, CALIFORNIA; AGNES M. JENSEN ADMINISTRATRIX OF SAID RASMUS JENSEN, DECEASED.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 16, 1920- Application filed August 30, 19. .6. Serial No. 117,655.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RASMUS JnNsnN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Carbureter,'of which the following is a specification.

It is well known that there are several factors that enter into the operation of correctly carbureting liquid fuel for an internal combustion engine, one factor being the speed of the engine; another factor being temperatures of the fuel and air forming the combustible mixture; and a third factor being the altitude at which the engine is working.

To these three factors are due the more or less complicated construction of a grea many carbureters in which various adjustments are provided for to vary the propor tions of the volumes of liquid fuel and air in accordance with the changes in engine speed, temperature and altitude, and an object of this invention is to provide means for automatic adjustment of the carbureter for varying engine speeds, temperatures and altitudes.

Another object is to effect the foregoing by a simple and reliable construction.

Another object is to provide for circulation of the liquid fuel through the carbureter.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the subjoined detail description 7 The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention:

Figure 1 is an enlarged side elevation of a carbureter embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional elevation of Fig. 1 the plane of section being normal to the direction of sight in looking at said Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan section online indicated by w m Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a plan section on hne indicated by w a0 Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a plan section on the irregular line indicated by 00 -m Fig. 2 4

Fig. 6 is a plan section on line indicated by m 'm Fig. 2.

The carburetor indicated in general by the character 3 is provided with a'reservoir communicating with the supply piping 13 through the fuel inlet The reservoir from side to side of the tube and which communicates with the interior of a hollow plungerfstem 42 having an opening or openings 43 therethrough. The bridge piece is provided with an upwardly extending screw-threaded boss 44 to receive a screwthreaded nipple 45 of a tube 46 which extends upward inside of and concentric with the tube 39, the upper end of said tube 46 being slightly below the level of the upper end of the'tube. 39. In the drawings the space between the tube 39 and stem 42 is shown unnecessarily great for clearness of illustration.

The bridge 40 is providedwith a down wardly extending tube 47 into which is screw-threaded at 48 an adjusting stem 49 provided at its upper end with a fuel nozzle 50 that passes through the nipple 45 and extends upward to just below the level of the upper end of the tube 46. The bore of the nozzle 50 communicates through ports 51 with the passage 41 so that fuel can freely pass from the reservoir 35 through the openings 43, thence into the passage 41 and thence through the ports 51 to the bore of the nozzle'50.

The lower end of the tube 47 is provided with a threaded portion 52 screwthreaded to receive a cap 53, there being a nut 54 threaded onto the tube 47 above the cap 53 to hold a detachable air inlet member 55 with the inner end of its passage 56 in registration with the inlet end or the tube 39. i v 3 .Into the upper end of the plunger stem is screw-threaded a tube 57 which projects downward inside of the tube 46 and surrounds the upper end of the nozzle 50 that discharges into said tube 46. The lower end of the plunger stem 4:2 is provided with a plunger 58 adapted to work in the reservoir 35, said reservoir and plunger thus forming in effect a dash-pot to somewhat retard any up and down motion of the stem $2.

The tube 5? is provided at its upper end with an expanded portion forming amouth 59, which carries at its outer end a diaphragm 60 that is seated to a dome-shaped airchamber 61 fastened by screws 62 or equivalent to the mouth 59. The diaphragm 60 and air cham er 61 together constitute a thermo-pressure device. The diaphragm G0 is provided with a downwardly extending needle valve 63 which projects into the nozzle and controls the flow of fuel therefrom. The air chamber 61 seals the upper side the diaphragm (50 from the atmosphere so that change of relative air pressures on the upper and under faces of the diaphragnr will cause movement of the diaphragm and consequently movement of the needle valve 63. '7

Relative pressures against the upper and lower faces of the dia ihragm may be caused by either or both of two factors, temperature and altitude. of temperature of the a r contained in the air chamber 61 will expand said air thus forcing the diaphragm downward to lower the needle valve so as to diminish the flow of fuel from the nozzle 50, and, conversely, lowering of the temperature ofsaid air will cause the diaphragm to contract, so as to allow more fuel to discharge from the nozzle. In higher altitudes the lessened pressure against the under face of the diaphragm 60 will allow the greater pressure of air in the air chamber 61 to expand the diaphragm to lower the needle valve 63 so as to diminish the volume of fuel discharging from the nozzle 50, and, conversely, in lower altitudes the increased iressure against the under face of the diaphragm 60 will move said diaphragm against the air pressure in the air chamber so as to raise the needle valve 63 and consequently allow an increased volume of fuel to flow from the nozzle.

The diaphragm 60 i exposed to the air in the air passage formed by the tube 57. The advantage of this is that when the in let member 55 is connected to a warm air supply the diaphragm will readily transmit the heat of said air to the dead air space in the her so that the valve 63 will be regulated in accordance with the temperature of the air flowing through the carburetor and not in accordance with the term perature of the air outside of the carbureter.

The expanded portion 59 forms a gravityclosed suction-operated air valve adapted, when in closed position, to substantially close an air port 64 of a mixing chamber 65,

aces

said mixing chamber having legs (36 extending downward from the air port 64; and having their lower ends connected together by an annular flange 67 which rests on an annular cover 68 that forms the top of the overflow chamb r 38, said cov r as resting on the rim of the overflow chamber 38 and there being screws or equivalent 69 extending through the flange 67 and cover 68 into the discharge chamber 38 to fasten the over flow chamb r, cover and mixing chamber securely together. The cover (58 his loosely around the plunger stem so as to allow of movement of said stem. The inter-leg spaces form auxiliary air intake ports 70 communicating with the air port The diaphragm 6O rests on feet or bosses 71 of themouth 59, the inteijeet spaces forming mixture outlets 72 ext-ending, excepting for the portions occupied by the feet, around the entire periphery of the air valve so as to discharge whatever mixture is formed in the mouth 59 outward and up-- ward from adjacent the air port 6% into the mixing chamber 65. From the foregoing it is seen that the higher the air valve is raised the greater will be the volume of auxiliary air admitted through the air port 64 so as to maintain the correct or desired proportions of fuel and air, since, when the air valve is raised, an increased volume of fuel discharges from the nozzle 50.

A suitable throttle valve is indicated at 73 to govern the degree of vacuum in the mixing chamber 65 and thereby to govern the degree of lift of the air valve,

In practice, liquid fuel will be forced through the pipe 13 into the reservoir 35 of the carbureter. The fuel will rise in the tubes 46, 57 and nozzle 50 until it reaches the level of the overflow outlet 37 and the fuel in excess of the amount requisite to maintain said level will overflow the overflow outlet 37, and will return by gravity to the source of supply, not shown, through the piping 16. After circulation of the fuel has thus been established, the engine will be cranked in a manner well understood in the engine art and the suction of the engine will operate to draw the fuel from the nozzle 50 and tube 57 and to draw air through the air inlet 55, air tube 39, tube 46 and tube 57 so as to atomize said fuel and form a combustible mixture, said mixture being comparatively rich for the reason that the engine suction at the start is not sufiiciently great to lift the air valve and in view of the priming charge sucked from the tube l6. This comparatively rich mixture flows through the outlet 72 into the mixing chamber 65 wherein the air and fuel particles are more thoroughly homogenized and said mixture then flows through the intake manifold 19 t0 the engine cylindei's to be ignited therein in a manner well understood in the art.

To increase the. speed of the engine, the operator will open the throttle valve 73 to a greater degree according to the speed he desires thus increasing the degree of partial vacuum in the mixing chamber sufliture for low speed engine work at inter mediate temperatures, and altitudes and higher speeds of the engine will be automatically taken care of by upward movement of the air valve as explained above.

When the carbureter becomes heated either by heat from the engine or by reason of high temperatures of the atmosphere, the air in the air chamber will expand so as to depress said diaphragm and thus automatically reduce the amount of liquid fuel relative to the air volumes, thus making a leaner mixture. 7

When going into a higher altitude than that in which the apparatus. was previously functioning, it is clear that the lessened air pressure on account of the rarefied condition of the atmosphere will permit depression of the diaphragm 60 to automatically.

diminish the volume of fuel relative to the volume of air. This is important for it is well understood that in higher altitudes the air being rarer less fuel should be used in the charge that is to be drawn into the engine cylinder than in lower altitudes. It is clear that when the apparatus is to function at a lower altitude than that for which it has been previously adjusted, the needle valve 63 will be automatically opened to a greater extent so as to maintain the proper proportions of fuel and air for the lower altitude.

From the foregoing it is clear that means are provided to supply fuel to the engine cylinder in volume varying inversely as the temperature and. varying inversely as the altitude.

It is noted that the valve 63- may be formed in two sections as shown in the drawings, one section being provided with a socket 7a and the other section being accommodated loosely in said socket, there be ing a pivot 75 connecting said sections together so that the lower section of the valve can readily accommodate itself to the nozzle 50 whether or not the air valve 61 is in true axial relation with the nozzle.

ll claim: i

1. In combination, means forming an air passage, a nozzle terminating in the air passage, means to supply fuel to said nozzle, a valve to control the flow of fuel from said nozzle, a diaphragm exposed to the air in the air passage and connected to said valve, and means forming a dead air space on one side of said diaphragm.

2. In combination, a mixing chamber having an air port, a reservoir, a nozzle communicating with the reservoir, a valve to control the flow of fuel from said nozzle, a tube surrounding the upper end of the nozzle and provided with an upwardly expanding mouth, an air chamber fastened to said month, there being an outlet opening between the air chamber and mouth and said air chamber having a diaphragm connected to the valve, and means to supply air to the lower end of said tube.

3. In combination, a mixing chamber having an air port, a reservoir, a nozzle coininunicating with the reseij'voir, valve to control the flow of fuel from said nozzle,

and a shiftably mounted air chamber having a diaphragm connected with the valve, said air chamber substantially fitting the air port for regulating the passage of air through the air port into the mixing chamber. I Y i o 4. In combination, a mixing chamber having an port, a reservoir, a nozzle communicating with the reservoir, a valve to control the flow of fuel. from saidnozzle, a tube surrounding the upper end of the nozzle and provided at its upper end with a mouth, an air chamber fastened to said month, there being an outlet opening from the mouth to the mixing chamber and said air chamber having a diaphragm connected to the valve and exposed to the air flowing through the mouth, and means to supply air to the lower end of said tube.

In combination, a mixing chamber having an air port. a nozzle, means to supply fuel to the nozzle. a valve to control the flow of fuel from said nozzle, a valve to control the flow of air through the air port, an air chamber mounted on the air valve and moving bodily therewith and a diaphragm sealing the air chamber and connected with the fuel valve.

6. In combination, a mixing chamber, an air tube having its discharge end inserted in the mixing chamber, a nozzle discharging the nozzle, and a diaphragm sealing the air chamber and connected with the valve.

7. In combination, a mixing chamber having an air inlet, an air tube having its discharge end shiftably inserted in the mixing chamber and forming an air valve for the air inlet, a nozzle discharging into the air tube, an air chamber fastened to the air valve and moving therewith, there bein' a port between the air chamber and air valve, a valve to control the flow of fuel from the nozzle, and diaphragm sealing the air chamber and connected with the fuel valve.

8. In combination, a mixing chamber having an air inlet, a nozzle, means to supply fuel to the nozzle, a valve to control the fiow of fuel from the nozzle, a valve to control the flow of air through the inlet, and means mounted on the air valve and operative by altitude and temperature changes L0 control the opening of the fuel valve irre speetive of movement of the air valve.

9. In combination, a reservoir, an air tube projecting upward from the bottom of the voir and provided with a transverse bridge having a passage therethrough, a second tube inside of the first named tube pro- JGCtlllg up from said bridge and communieating with the passage, a nozzle communieating with the bridge passage and extending up from the bridge inside of the last named tube, a third tube open at its lower end. and surrounding the upper end of the nozzle, a valve to control the flow of fuel from said nozzle connected with the third tube to move therewith, a hollow stem sur rounding the air tube and fastened to the third tube, and a plunger in the reservoir on the lower end of the hollow stem.

10. In combination, a reservoir, a. mixing chamber having spaced legs resting on the reservoir, said mixing chamber having an air inlet port adjacent the upper ends of the legs, a nozzle communicating at its lower end with the reservoir, a slidably mounted tube surrounding the upper end of the nozzle and having an expanding mouth sul stantially fitting the air inlet, a cap covering the expanding mouth, and a valve connected with the cap and extending into the nozzle to control the flow of fuel from the nozzle.

11. In combination, a mixing chamber having an air inlet port, a nozzle, means to furnish fuel to the nozzle, a slidably mounted tube surrounding the upper end of the nozzle and having an expanding mouth substantially fitting the air inlet, a cap coverm the expanding mouth, there being an opening between the mouth and cap, and a valve connected with the cap and extending into the nozzle to control the flow of fuel from the nozzle.

Signed at Los Angeles, California, this 25th day of August, 1 16.

RASMUS JENSEN. lVitnesses Gnonen H. HILES, L. BELLE WEAVER. 

